《植物生理学报》 2015, 51(10): 1549-1556

植物microRNAs与逆境应答研究进展

王翔宇¹, 程荣², 范海延^2,3,*, 于洋², 孟丹娜⁴

沈阳农业大学¹园艺学院, ²生物科学技术学院, ³设施园艺省部共建教育部重点实验室, ⁴植物保护学院, 沈阳110866

通信作者：范海延；E-mail: hyfan74@163.com；Tel: 024-88487163

摘　要：

植物microRNAs (miRNAs)是在植物体内产生的长度为21~24 nt的一类非编码单链RNA分子, 在植物生命的各个过程中均起着重要的调控作用。环境胁迫是影响植物正常生长的重要因素, 不同的胁迫可以使植物相应的miRNAs表达量发生变化, miRNAs可通过调控其靶基因的表达量, 使植物在形态及生理上产生对逆境的适应性。本文阐述了植物miRNAs的合成过程与作用机理, 及其在响应盐、干旱、温度、营养、UV-B、机械损伤等非生物胁迫和病原菌侵染等生物胁迫方面的研究概况与进展, 并概述了miRNAs研究中的问题及应用前景。

关键词：植物microRNAs; 生物合成; 作用机制; 环境胁迫

收稿：2015-07-03   修定：2015-09-08

资助：辽宁省高等学校优秀人才支持计划(LR2014019)和辽宁省百千万人才工程资助项目(2014921040)。

Advances in Plant MicroRNAs and Stresses Response

WANG Xiang-Yu¹, CHENG Rong², FAN Hai-Yan^2,3,*, YU Yang², MENG Dan-Na⁴

¹College of Horticulture, ²College of Biological Science and Technology, ³Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture Co-Established by Liaoning Province and Ministry of Education, ⁴College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China

Corresponding author: FAN Hai-Yan; E-mail: hyfan74@163.com; Tel: 024-88487163

Abstract:

Plant microRNAs (miRNAs), about 21–24 nucleotides length, are a group of endogenous, non-coding, single-stranded RNAs which play an important regulatory role in plant growth and development. Environmental stresses seriously affect plant growth, and the expression of miRNAs may change under different stresses. Some miRNAs respond to several environmental stresses which can improve the resistance of plants by regulating target genes expression. This paper summarized the research development of plant miRNAs in recent years including biosynthesis, action mechanisms and the respond to stresses such as salinity, drought, temperature, nutrients, mechanical wounding, UV-B and pathogenic bacteria, and the problems and prospect in the study were also elaborated.

Key words: plant microRNAs; biosynthesis; action mechanisms; environmental stresses